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Vulvar lichen sclerosus

MedGen UID:
7228
•Concept ID:
C0022783
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Kraurosis Vulvae; Lichen Sclerosus of Vulva; Lichen Sclerosus, Vulvar; Sclerosus, Vulvar Lichen; Vulva Lichen Sclerosus; Vulvae, Kraurosis; Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
SNOMED CT: Leukoplakia of vulva (198380007); Kraurosis of vulva (895491007); Kraurosis vulvae (895491007); Lichen sclerosus of female external genitalia (895491007); Lichen sclerosus of vulva (895491007)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006491

Definition

The presence of hyperkeratotic white patches on the vulvar epithelium. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVulvar lichen sclerosus

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Meet the expert: Topical management of vulvar dermatoses.
Jakuboski SH, Noor SJ
J Geriatr Oncol 2022 Apr;13(3):282-286. Epub 2021 Nov 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.10.011. PMID: 34824022
Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser for the Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.
Mauskar MM
Obstet Gynecol 2021 Jun 1;137(6):965-967. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004414. PMID: 33957659
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Genital and extragenital oncological risk in women with vulvar lichen sclerosus: A multi-center Italian study.
Preti M, Borella F, Ferretti S, Caldarella A, Corazza M, Micheletti L, De Magnis A, Borghi A, Salvini C, Gallio N, Pasquero G, Vieira-Baptista P, Selk A, Benedetto C, Rosso S
Maturitas 2023 Sep;175:107767. Epub 2023 May 3 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.04.010. PMID: 37302181
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus: an update.
Fistarol SK, Itin PH
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Feb;14(1):27-47. doi: 10.1007/s40257-012-0006-4. PMID: 23329078Free PMC Article
Postmenopausal vulval disease.
Olsson A, Selva-Nayagam P, Oehler MK
Menopause Int 2008 Dec;14(4):169-72. doi: 10.1258/mi.2008.008030. PMID: 19037066

Diagnosis

Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.
Kraus CN
JAMA Dermatol 2022 Sep 1;158(9):1088. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.0359. PMID: 35793083
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Evidence-based (S3) Guideline on (anogenital) Lichen sclerosus.
Kirtschig G, Becker K, Günthert A, Jasaitiene D, Cooper S, Chi CC, Kreuter A, Rall KK, Aberer W, Riechardt S, Casabona F, Powell J, Brackenbury F, Erdmann R, Lazzeri M, Barbagli G, Wojnarowska F
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015 Oct;29(10):e1-43. Epub 2015 Jul 22 doi: 10.1111/jdv.13136. PMID: 26202852
Diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus: an update.
Fistarol SK, Itin PH
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Feb;14(1):27-47. doi: 10.1007/s40257-012-0006-4. PMID: 23329078Free PMC Article

Therapy

Vulvar lichen sclerosus.
Cleminson K, Baxter ML
CMAJ 2021 Oct 12;193(40):E1572. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.210448. PMID: 34642161Free PMC Article
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus: an update.
Fistarol SK, Itin PH
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Feb;14(1):27-47. doi: 10.1007/s40257-012-0006-4. PMID: 23329078Free PMC Article
Clobetasol propionate--where, when, why?
Pels R, Sterry W, Lademann J
Drugs Today (Barc) 2008 Jul;44(7):547-57. doi: 10.1358/dot.2008.44.7.1122221. PMID: 18806904

Prognosis

Fat Grafting in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Long Term Follow-Up.
Boero V, Brambilla M, Di Loreto E, Cetera GE, Cipriani S, Boggio F, Monti E, Libutti G, Caia C, Parazzini F
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2023 Oct 1;27(4):365-372. Epub 2023 Aug 7 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000766. PMID: 37551790
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Lichen sclerosus and lichen planus in women and girls.
Schlosser BJ, Mirowski GW
Clin Obstet Gynecol 2015 Mar;58(1):125-42. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000090. PMID: 25608255
Vulvar dermatosis.
Moyal-Barracco M, Wendling J
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2014 Oct;28(7):946-58. Epub 2014 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.005. PMID: 25132276
Lichen sclerosus in children and adolescents.
Dendrinos ML, Quint EH
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2013 Oct;25(5):370-4. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e328363a53c. PMID: 23812382

Clinical prediction guides

Genital and extragenital oncological risk in women with vulvar lichen sclerosus: A multi-center Italian study.
Preti M, Borella F, Ferretti S, Caldarella A, Corazza M, Micheletti L, De Magnis A, Borghi A, Salvini C, Gallio N, Pasquero G, Vieira-Baptista P, Selk A, Benedetto C, Rosso S
Maturitas 2023 Sep;175:107767. Epub 2023 May 3 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.04.010. PMID: 37302181
Steroid Phobia in Patients With Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.
Delpero E, Sriharan A, Selk A
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2023 Jul 1;27(3):286-290. Epub 2023 Jun 6 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000753. PMID: 37285240
Vulvar vitiligo and lichen sclerosus in children: A clinical challenge.
Veronesi G, Virdi A, Leuzzi M, Gurioli C, Chessa MA, Guglielmo A, Neri I
Pediatr Dermatol 2021 Sep;38(5):1012-1019. Epub 2021 Sep 24 doi: 10.1111/pde.14771. PMID: 34561885
Vulval lichen planus-lichen sclerosus overlap.
Howard M, Hall A
Int J STD AIDS 2018 Sep;29(10):1017-1023. Epub 2018 Feb 28 doi: 10.1177/0956462418758777. PMID: 29490571
Photodynamic Therapy for Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus-A Systematic Review.
Prodromidou A, Chatziioannou E, Daskalakis G, Stergios K, Pergialiotis V
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2018 Jan;22(1):58-65. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000362. PMID: 29271859

Recent systematic reviews

Lichen Sclerosus and Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Pope R, Lee MH, Myers A, Song J, Abou Ghayda R, Kim JY, Hong SH, Lee SB, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Smith L, Shin JI
J Sex Med 2022 Nov;19(11):1616-1624. Epub 2022 Sep 15 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.07.011. PMID: 36115787
Vulvar vitiligo and lichen sclerosus in children: A clinical challenge.
Veronesi G, Virdi A, Leuzzi M, Gurioli C, Chessa MA, Guglielmo A, Neri I
Pediatr Dermatol 2021 Sep;38(5):1012-1019. Epub 2021 Sep 24 doi: 10.1111/pde.14771. PMID: 34561885
Pediatric Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus-A Review of the Literature.
Orszulak D, Dulska A, Niziński K, Skowronek K, Bodziony J, Stojko R, Drosdzol-Cop A
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Jul 4;18(13) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18137153. PMID: 34281089Free PMC Article
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Photodynamic Therapy for Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus-A Systematic Review.
Prodromidou A, Chatziioannou E, Daskalakis G, Stergios K, Pergialiotis V
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2018 Jan;22(1):58-65. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000362. PMID: 29271859

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